conlang: Unify binding operations!

This breaks out the pattern matching/unification algorithm from cl-interpret/interpret.rs to cl-interpret/pattern.rs

TODO: pattern destructuring in const, static :^)

compiler/cl-ast/src/ast.rs

@@ -146,14 +146,14 @@ pub struct Function {
     pub name: Sym,
     pub sign: TyFn,
     pub bind: Vec<Param>,
-    pub body: Option<Block>,
+    pub body: Option<Expr>,
 }
 
 /// A single parameter for a [Function]
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Param {
     pub mutability: Mutability,
-    pub name: Sym,
+    pub bind: Pattern,
 }
 
 /// A user-defined product type
@@ -418,12 +418,13 @@ pub struct Let {
 /// A [Pattern] meta-expression (any [`ExprKind`] that fits pattern rules)
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub enum Pattern {
-    Path(Path),
+    Name(Sym),
     Literal(Literal),
     Ref(Mutability, Box<Pattern>),
     Tuple(Vec<Pattern>),
     Array(Vec<Pattern>),
-    Struct(Path, Vec<(Path, Option<Pattern>)>),
+    Struct(Path, Vec<(Sym, Option<Pattern>)>),
+    TupleStruct(Path, Vec<Pattern>),
 }
 
 /// A `match` expression: `match` `{` ([MatchArm] `,`)* [MatchArm]? `}`
@@ -620,7 +621,7 @@ pub struct If {
 /// A [For] expression: `for` Pattern `in` [`Expr`] [`Block`] [`Else`]?
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct For {
-    pub bind: Sym, // TODO: Patterns?
+    pub bind: Pattern,
     pub cond: Box<Expr>,
     pub pass: Box<Block>,
     pub fail: Else,

compiler/cl-ast/src/ast_impl.rs

@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ mod display {
 
     impl Display for Param {
         fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-            let Self { mutability, name } = self;
-            write!(f, "{mutability}{name}")
+            let Self { mutability, bind } = self;
+            write!(f, "{mutability}{bind}")
         }
     }
 
@@ -468,17 +468,17 @@ mod display {
     impl Display for Pattern {
         fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
             match self {
-                Pattern::Path(path) => path.fmt(f),
+                Pattern::Name(sym) => sym.fmt(f),
                 Pattern::Literal(literal) => literal.fmt(f),
                 Pattern::Ref(mutability, pattern) => write!(f, "&{mutability}{pattern}"),
                 Pattern::Tuple(patterns) => separate(patterns, ", ")(f.delimit(INLINE_PARENS)),
                 Pattern::Array(patterns) => separate(patterns, ", ")(f.delimit(INLINE_SQUARE)),
                 Pattern::Struct(path, items) => {
-                    write!(f, "{path}: ")?;
-                    let f = &mut f.delimit(BRACES);
+                    write!(f, "{path} ")?;
+                    let f = &mut f.delimit(INLINE_BRACES);
                     for (idx, (name, item)) in items.iter().enumerate() {
                         if idx != 0 {
-                            f.write_str(",\n")?;
+                            f.write_str(", ")?;
                         }
                         write!(f, "{name}")?;
                         if let Some(pattern) = item {
@@ -487,6 +487,10 @@ mod display {
                     }
                     Ok(())
                 }
+                Pattern::TupleStruct(path, items) => {
+                    write!(f, "{path}")?;
+                    separate(items, ", ")(f.delimit(INLINE_PARENS))
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -635,7 +639,7 @@ mod display {
     impl Display for Structor {
         fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
             let Self { to, init } = self;
-            write!(f, "{to}: ")?;
+            write!(f, "{to} ")?;
             separate(init, ", ")(f.delimit(INLINE_BRACES))
         }
     }
@@ -863,7 +867,10 @@ mod convert {
         fn try_from(value: ExprKind) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
             Ok(match value {
                 ExprKind::Literal(literal) => Pattern::Literal(literal),
-                ExprKind::Path(path) => Pattern::Path(path),
+                ExprKind::Path(Path { absolute: false, ref parts }) => match parts.as_slice() {
+                    [PathPart::Ident(name)] => Pattern::Name(*name),
+                    _ => Err(value)?,
+                },
                 ExprKind::Empty => Pattern::Tuple(vec![]),
                 ExprKind::Group(Group { expr }) => Pattern::Tuple(vec![Pattern::try_from(*expr)?]),
                 ExprKind::Tuple(Tuple { exprs }) => Pattern::Tuple(
@@ -881,16 +888,24 @@ mod convert {
                         .map(|e| Pattern::try_from(e.kind))
                         .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?,
                 ),
-                // ExprKind::Index(index) => todo!(),
-                // ExprKind::Member(member) => todo!(),
+                ExprKind::Binary(Binary { kind: BinaryKind::Call, parts }) => {
+                    let (ExprKind::Path(path), args) = *parts else {
+                        return Err(parts.0);
+                    };
+                    match args {
+                        ExprKind::Empty | ExprKind::Tuple(_) => {}
+                        _ => return Err(args),
+                    }
+                    let Pattern::Tuple(args) = Pattern::try_from(args)? else {
+                        unreachable!("Arguments should be convertible to pattern!")
+                    };
+                    Pattern::TupleStruct(path, args)
+                }
                 ExprKind::Structor(Structor { to, init }) => {
                     let fields = init
                         .into_iter()
                         .map(|Fielder { name, init }| {
-                            Ok((
-                                name.into(),
-                                init.map(|i| Pattern::try_from(i.kind)).transpose()?,
-                            ))
+                            Ok((name, init.map(|i| Pattern::try_from(i.kind)).transpose()?))
                         })
                         .collect::<Result<_, Self::Error>>()?;
                     Pattern::Struct(to, fields)
@@ -925,6 +940,14 @@ mod path {
             }
         }
 
+        /// Checks whether this path ends in the given [Sym]
+        pub fn ends_with(&self, name: &Sym) -> bool {
+            match self.parts.as_slice() {
+                [.., PathPart::Ident(last)] => name == last,
+                _ => false,
+            }
+        }
+
         /// Checks whether this path refers to the sinkhole identifier, `_`
         pub fn is_sinkhole(&self) -> bool {
             if let [PathPart::Ident(id)] = self.parts.as_slice() {

compiler/cl-ast/src/ast_visitor/fold.rs

@@ -107,12 +107,12 @@ pub trait Fold {
             name: self.fold_sym(name),
             sign: self.fold_ty_fn(sign),
             bind: bind.into_iter().map(|p| self.fold_param(p)).collect(),
-            body: body.map(|b| self.fold_block(b)),
+            body: body.map(|b| self.fold_expr(b)),
         }
     }
     fn fold_param(&mut self, p: Param) -> Param {
-        let Param { mutability, name } = p;
-        Param { mutability: self.fold_mutability(mutability), name: self.fold_sym(name) }
+        let Param { mutability, bind } = p;
+        Param { mutability: self.fold_mutability(mutability), bind: self.fold_pattern(bind) }
     }
     fn fold_struct(&mut self, s: Struct) -> Struct {
         let Struct { name, kind } = s;
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ pub trait Fold {
 
     fn fold_pattern(&mut self, p: Pattern) -> Pattern {
         match p {
-            Pattern::Path(path) => Pattern::Path(self.fold_path(path)),
+            Pattern::Name(sym) => Pattern::Name(self.fold_sym(sym)),
             Pattern::Literal(literal) => Pattern::Literal(self.fold_literal(literal)),
             Pattern::Ref(mutability, pattern) => Pattern::Ref(
                 self.fold_mutability(mutability),
@@ -267,6 +267,13 @@ pub trait Fold {
                     .map(|(name, bind)| (name, bind.map(|p| self.fold_pattern(p))))
                     .collect(),
             ),
+            Pattern::TupleStruct(path, items) => Pattern::TupleStruct(
+                self.fold_path(path),
+                items
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .map(|bind| self.fold_pattern(bind))
+                    .collect(),
+            ),
         }
     }
 
@@ -285,7 +292,7 @@ pub trait Fold {
         let MatchArm(pat, expr) = a;
         MatchArm(self.fold_pattern(pat), self.fold_expr(expr))
     }
-    
+
     fn fold_assign(&mut self, a: Assign) -> Assign {
         let Assign { parts } = a;
         let (head, tail) = *parts;
@@ -400,7 +407,7 @@ pub trait Fold {
     fn fold_for(&mut self, f: For) -> For {
         let For { bind, cond, pass, fail } = f;
         For {
-            bind: self.fold_sym(bind),
+            bind: self.fold_pattern(bind),
             cond: Box::new(self.fold_expr(*cond)),
             pass: Box::new(self.fold_block(*pass)),
             fail: self.fold_else(fail),

compiler/cl-ast/src/ast_visitor/visit.rs

@@ -85,13 +85,13 @@ pub trait Visit<'a>: Sized {
         self.visit_ty_fn(sign);
         bind.iter().for_each(|p| self.visit_param(p));
         if let Some(b) = body {
-            self.visit_block(b)
+            self.visit_expr(b)
         }
     }
     fn visit_param(&mut self, p: &'a Param) {
-        let Param { mutability, name } = p;
+        let Param { mutability, bind } = p;
         self.visit_mutability(mutability);
-        self.visit_sym(name);
+        self.visit_pattern(bind);
     }
     fn visit_struct(&mut self, s: &'a Struct) {
         let Struct { name, kind } = s;
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ pub trait Visit<'a>: Sized {
 
     fn visit_pattern(&mut self, p: &'a Pattern) {
         match p {
-            Pattern::Path(path) => self.visit_path(path),
+            Pattern::Name(name) => self.visit_sym(name),
             Pattern::Literal(literal) => self.visit_literal(literal),
             Pattern::Ref(mutability, pattern) => {
                 self.visit_mutability(mutability);
@@ -234,6 +234,10 @@ pub trait Visit<'a>: Sized {
                     });
                 });
             }
+            Pattern::TupleStruct(path, items) => {
+                self.visit_path(path);
+                items.iter().for_each(|bind| self.visit_pattern(bind));
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -347,7 +351,7 @@ pub trait Visit<'a>: Sized {
     }
     fn visit_for(&mut self, f: &'a For) {
         let For { bind, cond, pass, fail } = f;
-        self.visit_sym(bind);
+        self.visit_pattern(bind);
         self.visit_expr(cond);
         self.visit_block(pass);
         self.visit_else(fail);

compiler/cl-interpret/src/builtin.rs

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ impl super::Callable for Builtin {
 /// Turns a function definition into a [Builtin].
 ///
 /// ```rust
-/// # use cl_interpret::{builtin2::builtin, convalue::ConValue};
+/// # use cl_interpret::{builtin::builtin, convalue::ConValue};
 /// let my_builtin = builtin! {
 ///     /// Use the `@env` suffix to bind the environment!
 ///     /// (needed for recursive calls)

compiler/cl-interpret/src/convalue.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ use cl_ast::{format::FmtAdapter, ExprKind, Sym};
 use super::{
     builtin::Builtin,
     error::{Error, IResult},
-    function::Function, Callable, Environment,
+    function::Function,
+    Callable, Environment,
 };
 use std::{collections::HashMap, ops::*, rc::Rc};
 
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@ pub enum ConValue {
     RangeInc(Integer, Integer),
     /// A value of a product type
     Struct(Box<(Sym, HashMap<Sym, ConValue>)>),
+    /// A value of a product type with anonymous members
+    TupleStruct(Box<(Sym, Box<[ConValue]>)>),
     /// An entire namespace
     Module(Box<HashMap<Sym, Option<ConValue>>>),
     /// A quoted expression
@@ -298,11 +301,25 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for ConValue {
                 }
                 ')'.fmt(f)
             }
+            ConValue::TupleStruct(parts) => {
+                let (name, tuple) = parts.as_ref();
+                if !name.is_empty() {
+                    write!(f, "{name}")?;
+                }
+                '('.fmt(f)?;
+                for (idx, element) in tuple.iter().enumerate() {
+                    if idx > 0 {
+                        ", ".fmt(f)?
+                    }
+                    element.fmt(f)?
+                }
+                ')'.fmt(f)
+            }
             ConValue::Struct(parts) => {
                 let (name, map) = parts.as_ref();
                 use std::fmt::Write;
                 if !name.is_empty() {
-                    write!(f, "{name}: ")?;
+                    write!(f, "{name} ")?;
                 }
                 let mut f = f.delimit_with("{", "\n}");
                 for (k, v) in map.iter() {

compiler/cl-interpret/src/function.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 use collect_upvars::collect_upvars;
 
-use super::{Callable, ConValue, Environment, Error, IResult, Interpret};
+use super::{pattern, Callable, ConValue, Environment, Error, IResult, Interpret};
 use cl_ast::{Function as FnDecl, Param, Sym};
 use std::{
     cell::{Ref, RefCell},
@@ -21,12 +21,16 @@ pub struct Function {
     decl: Rc<FnDecl>,
     /// Stores data from the enclosing scopes
     upvars: RefCell<Upvars>,
+    is_constructor: bool,
 }
 
 impl Function {
     pub fn new(decl: &FnDecl) -> Self {
         // let upvars = collect_upvars(decl, env);
-        Self { decl: decl.clone().into(), upvars: Default::default() }
+        Self { decl: decl.clone().into(), upvars: Default::default(), is_constructor: false }
+    }
+    pub fn new_constructor(decl: FnDecl) -> Self {
+        Self { decl: decl.into(), upvars: Default::default(), is_constructor: true }
     }
     pub fn decl(&self) -> &FnDecl {
         &self.decl
@@ -54,6 +58,9 @@ impl Callable for Function {
         if args.len() != bind.len() {
             return Err(Error::ArgNumber { want: bind.len(), got: args.len() });
         }
+        if self.is_constructor {
+            return Ok(ConValue::TupleStruct(Box::new((*name, args.into()))));
+        }
         let Some(body) = body else {
             return Err(Error::NotDefined(*name));
         };
@@ -63,8 +70,10 @@ impl Callable for Function {
 
         // TODO: completely refactor data storage
         let mut frame = env.frame("fn args");
-        for (Param { mutability: _, name }, value) in bind.iter().zip(args) {
-            frame.insert(*name, Some(value.clone()));
+        for (Param { mutability: _, bind }, value) in bind.iter().zip(args) {
+            for (name, value) in pattern::substitution(bind, value.clone())? {
+                frame.insert(*name, Some(value));
+            }
         }
         let res = body.interpret(&mut frame);
         drop(frame);

compiler/cl-interpret/src/function/collect_upvars.rs

@@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ impl<'a> Visit<'a> for CollectUpvars<'_> {
     fn visit_function(&mut self, f: &'a cl_ast::Function) {
         let Function { name: _, sign: _, bind, body } = f;
         // parameters can never be upvars
-        for Param { mutability: _, name } in bind {
-            self.bind_name(name);
+        for Param { mutability: _, bind } in bind {
+            self.visit_pattern(bind);
         }
         if let Some(body) = body {
-            self.visit_block(body);
+            self.visit_expr(body);
         }
     }
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ impl<'a> Visit<'a> for CollectUpvars<'_> {
         let cl_ast::For { bind, cond, pass, fail } = f;
         self.visit_expr(cond);
         self.visit_else(fail);
-        self.bind_name(bind); // TODO: is bind only bound in the pass block?
+        self.visit_pattern(bind);
         self.visit_block(pass);
     }
 
@@ -105,10 +105,8 @@ impl<'a> Visit<'a> for CollectUpvars<'_> {
 
     fn visit_pattern(&mut self, p: &'a cl_ast::Pattern) {
         match p {
-            Pattern::Path(path) => {
-                if let [PathPart::Ident(name)] = path.parts.as_slice() {
-                    self.bind_name(name)
-                }
+            Pattern::Name(name) => {
+                self.bind_name(name);
             }
             Pattern::Literal(literal) => self.visit_literal(literal),
             Pattern::Ref(mutability, pattern) => {
@@ -129,6 +127,10 @@ impl<'a> Visit<'a> for CollectUpvars<'_> {
                     });
                 });
             }
+            Pattern::TupleStruct(path, items) => {
+                self.visit_path(path);
+                items.iter().for_each(|bind| self.visit_pattern(bind));
+            }
         }
     }
 }

compiler/cl-interpret/src/interpret.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 use std::{borrow::Borrow, rc::Rc};
 
 use super::*;
-use cl_ast::*;
+use cl_ast::{ast_visitor::Visit, *};
 use cl_structures::intern::interned::Interned;
 /// A work-in-progress tree walk interpreter for Conlang
 pub trait Interpret {
@@ -20,9 +20,29 @@ pub trait Interpret {
 
 impl Interpret for File {
     fn interpret(&self, env: &mut Environment) -> IResult<ConValue> {
-        for item in &self.items {
+        /// Sorts items
+        #[derive(Debug, Default)]
+        struct ItemSorter<'ast>(pub [Vec<&'ast Item>; 6]);
+        impl<'ast> Visit<'ast> for ItemSorter<'ast> {
+            fn visit_item(&mut self, i: &'ast Item) {
+                self.0[match &i.kind {
+                    ItemKind::Module(_) => 0,
+                    ItemKind::Use(_) => 1,
+                    ItemKind::Enum(_) | ItemKind::Struct(_) | ItemKind::Alias(_) => 2,
+                    ItemKind::Function(_) => 3,
+                    ItemKind::Impl(_) => 4,
+                    ItemKind::Const(_) | ItemKind::Static(_) => 5,
+                }]
+                .push(i)
+            }
+        }
+
+        let mut items = ItemSorter::default();
+        items.visit_file(self);
+        for item in items.0.into_iter().flatten() {
             item.interpret(env)?;
         }
+
         Ok(ConValue::Empty)
     }
 }
@@ -93,8 +113,42 @@ impl Interpret for Function {
     }
 }
 impl Interpret for Struct {
-    fn interpret(&self, _env: &mut Environment) -> IResult<ConValue> {
-        println!("TODO: {self}");
+    fn interpret(&self, env: &mut Environment) -> IResult<ConValue> {
+        let Self { name, kind } = self;
+        match kind {
+            StructKind::Empty => {}
+            StructKind::Tuple(args) => {
+                // Constructs the AST from scratch. TODO: This, better.
+                let constructor = Function {
+                    name: *name,
+                    sign: TyFn {
+                        args: TyKind::Tuple(TyTuple {
+                            types: args.iter().map(|ty| ty.kind.clone()).collect(),
+                        })
+                        .into(),
+                        rety: Some(
+                            Ty {
+                                extents: cl_structures::span::Span::dummy(),
+                                kind: TyKind::Path(Path::from(*name)),
+                            }
+                            .into(),
+                        ),
+                    },
+                    bind: args
+                        .iter()
+                        .enumerate()
+                        .map(|(idx, _)| Param {
+                            mutability: Mutability::Not,
+                            bind: Pattern::Name(idx.to_string().into()),
+                        })
+                        .collect(),
+                    body: None,
+                };
+                let constructor = crate::function::Function::new_constructor(constructor);
+                env.insert(*name, Some(constructor.into()));
+            }
+            StructKind::Struct(_) => eprintln!("TODO: {self}"),
+        }
         Ok(ConValue::Empty)
     }
 }
@@ -106,7 +160,7 @@ impl Interpret for Enum {
 }
 impl Interpret for Impl {
     fn interpret(&self, env: &mut Environment) -> IResult<ConValue> {
-        println!("TODO: {self}");
+        println!("TODO: impl {}", self.target);
         let Self { target: _, body } = self;
         body.interpret(env)
     }
@@ -246,19 +300,13 @@ impl Interpret for Let {
         let Let { mutable: _, name, ty: _, init } = self;
         match init.as_ref().map(|i| i.interpret(env)).transpose()? {
             Some(value) => {
-                for (path, value) in assignment::pattern_substitution(name, value)? {
-                    match path.parts.as_slice() {
-                        [PathPart::Ident(name)] => env.insert(*name, Some(value)),
-                        _ => eprintln!("Bad assignment: {path} = {value}"),
-                    }
+                for (name, value) in pattern::substitution(name, value)? {
+                    env.insert(*name, Some(value));
                 }
             }
             None => {
-                for path in assignment::pattern_variables(name) {
-                    match path.parts.as_slice() {
-                        [PathPart::Ident(name)] => env.insert(*name, None),
-                        _ => eprintln!("Bad assignment: {path}"),
-                    }
+                for name in pattern::variables(name) {
+                    env.insert(*name, None);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -270,13 +318,10 @@ impl Interpret for Match {
     fn interpret(&self, env: &mut Environment) -> IResult<ConValue> {
         let Self { scrutinee, arms } = self;
         let scrutinee = scrutinee.interpret(env)?;
-        'arm: for MatchArm(pat, expr) in arms {
-            if let Ok(substitution) = assignment::pattern_substitution(pat, scrutinee.clone()) {
+        for MatchArm(pat, expr) in arms {
+            if let Ok(substitution) = pattern::substitution(pat, scrutinee.clone()) {
                 let mut env = env.frame("match");
-                for (path, value) in substitution {
-                    let [PathPart::Ident(name)] = path.parts.as_slice() else {
-                        continue 'arm;
-                    };
+                for (name, value) in substitution {
                     env.insert(*name, Some(value));
                 }
                 return expr.interpret(&mut env);
@@ -292,127 +337,11 @@ mod assignment {
     use std::collections::HashMap;
     type Namespace = HashMap<Sym, Option<ConValue>>;
 
-    /// Gets the path variables in the given Pattern
-    pub fn pattern_variables(pat: &Pattern) -> Vec<&Path> {
-        fn patvars<'p>(set: &mut Vec<&'p Path>, pat: &'p Pattern) {
-            match pat {
-                Pattern::Path(path) if path.is_sinkhole() => {}
-                Pattern::Path(path) => set.push(path),
-                Pattern::Literal(_) => {}
-                Pattern::Ref(_, pattern) => patvars(set, pattern),
-                Pattern::Tuple(patterns) | Pattern::Array(patterns) => {
-                    patterns.iter().for_each(|pat| patvars(set, pat))
-                }
-                Pattern::Struct(_path, items) => {
-                    items.iter().for_each(|(name, pat)| match pat {
-                        Some(pat) => patvars(set, pat),
-                        None => set.push(name),
-                    });
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        let mut set = Vec::new();
-        patvars(&mut set, pat);
-        set
-    }
-
-    /// Appends a substitution to the provided table
-    pub fn append_sub<'pat>(
-        env: &mut HashMap<&'pat Path, ConValue>,
-        pat: &'pat Pattern,
-        value: ConValue,
-    ) -> IResult<()> {
-        match pat {
-            Pattern::Path(path) if path.is_sinkhole() => Ok(()),
-            Pattern::Path(path) => {
-                env.insert(path, value);
-                Ok(())
-            }
-
-            Pattern::Literal(literal) => match (literal, value) {
-                (Literal::Bool(a), ConValue::Bool(b)) => *a == b,
-                (Literal::Char(a), ConValue::Char(b)) => *a == b,
-                (Literal::Int(a), ConValue::Int(b)) => *a as isize == b,
-                (Literal::Float(a), ConValue::Float(b)) => f64::from_bits(*a) == b,
-                (Literal::String(a), ConValue::String(b)) => *a == *b,
-                _ => false,
-            }
-            .then_some(())
-            .ok_or(Error::NotAssignable),
-
-            Pattern::Ref(_, pattern) => match value {
-                ConValue::Ref(value) => append_sub(env, pattern, Rc::unwrap_or_clone(value)),
-                _ => Err(Error::NotAssignable),
-            },
-
-            Pattern::Tuple(patterns) => match value {
-                ConValue::Tuple(values) => {
-                    if patterns.len() != values.len() {
-                        return Err(Error::OobIndex(patterns.len(), values.len()));
-                    };
-                    for (pat, value) in patterns.iter().zip(Vec::from(values).into_iter()) {
-                        append_sub(env, pat, value)?;
-                    }
-                    Ok(())
-                }
-                _ => Err(Error::NotAssignable),
-            },
-
-            Pattern::Array(patterns) => match value {
-                ConValue::Array(values) => {
-                    if patterns.len() != values.len() {
-                        return Err(Error::OobIndex(patterns.len(), values.len()));
-                    };
-                    for (pat, value) in patterns.iter().zip(Vec::from(values).into_iter()) {
-                        append_sub(env, pat, value)?;
-                    }
-                    Ok(())
-                }
-                _ => Err(Error::NotAssignable),
-            },
-
-            Pattern::Struct(_path, patterns) => {
-                let ConValue::Struct(parts) = value else {
-                    return Err(Error::TypeError);
-                };
-                let (_, mut values) = *parts;
-                if values.len() != patterns.len() {
-                    return Err(Error::TypeError);
-                }
-                for (name, pat) in patterns {
-                    let [.., PathPart::Ident(index)] = name.parts.as_slice() else {
-                        Err(Error::TypeError)?
-                    };
-                    let value = values.remove(index).ok_or(Error::TypeError)?;
-                    match pat {
-                        Some(pat) => append_sub(env, pat, value)?,
-                        None => {
-                            env.insert(name, value);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                Ok(())
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Constructs a substitution from a pattern and a value
-    pub fn pattern_substitution(
-        pat: &Pattern,
-        value: ConValue,
-    ) -> IResult<HashMap<&Path, ConValue>> {
-        let mut substitution = HashMap::new();
-        append_sub(&mut substitution, pat, value)?;
-        Ok(substitution)
-    }
-
     pub(super) fn pat_assign(env: &mut Environment, pat: &Pattern, value: ConValue) -> IResult<()> {
-        let mut substitution = HashMap::new();
-        append_sub(&mut substitution, pat, value)
-            .map_err(|_| Error::PatFailed(pat.clone().into()))?;
-        for (path, value) in substitution {
-            assign_path(env, path, value)?;
+        for (name, value) in
+            pattern::substitution(pat, value).map_err(|_| Error::PatFailed(pat.clone().into()))?
+        {
+            *env.get_mut(*name)? = Some(value);
         }
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -424,20 +353,12 @@ mod assignment {
         match pat {
             ExprKind::Member(member) => *addrof_member(env, member)? = value,
             ExprKind::Index(index) => *addrof_index(env, index)? = value,
+            ExprKind::Path(path) => *addrof_path(env, &path.parts)? = Some(value),
             _ => Err(Error::NotAssignable)?,
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn assign_path(env: &mut Environment, path: &Path, value: ConValue) -> IResult<()> {
-        let Ok(addr) = addrof_path(env, &path.parts) else {
-            eprintln!("Cannot assign {value} to path {path}");
-            return Err(Error::NotAssignable);
-        };
-        *addr = Some(value);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
     pub(super) fn addrof<'e>(
         env: &'e mut Environment,
         pat: &ExprKind,
@@ -461,14 +382,17 @@ mod assignment {
         match path {
             [PathPart::Ident(name)] => env.get_mut(*name),
             [PathPart::Ident(name), rest @ ..] => match env.get_mut(*name)? {
-                Some(ConValue::Module(env)) => addrof_path_within_namespace(env, rest),
+                Some(ConValue::Module(env)) => project_path_in_namespace(env, rest),
                 _ => Err(Error::NotIndexable),
             },
             _ => Err(Error::NotAssignable),
         }
     }
 
-    fn addrof_member<'e>(env: &'e mut Environment, member: &Member) -> IResult<&'e mut ConValue> {
+    pub fn addrof_member<'e>(
+        env: &'e mut Environment,
+        member: &Member,
+    ) -> IResult<&'e mut ConValue> {
         let Member { head, kind } = member;
         let ExprKind::Path(path) = head.as_ref() else {
             return Err(Error::TypeError);
@@ -476,15 +400,7 @@ mod assignment {
         let slot = addrof_path(env, &path.parts)?
             .as_mut()
             .ok_or(Error::NotAssignable)?;
-        Ok(match (slot, kind) {
-            (ConValue::Struct(s), MemberKind::Struct(id)) => {
-                s.1.get_mut(id).ok_or(Error::NotDefined(*id))?
-            }
-            (ConValue::Tuple(t), MemberKind::Tuple(Literal::Int(id))) => t
-                .get_mut(*id as usize)
-                .ok_or_else(|| Error::NotDefined(id.to_string().into()))?,
-            _ => Err(Error::TypeError)?,
-        })
+        project_memberkind(slot, kind)
     }
 
     fn addrof_index<'e>(env: &'e mut Environment, index: &Index) -> IResult<&'e mut ConValue> {
@@ -495,19 +411,50 @@ mod assignment {
             .collect::<IResult<Vec<_>>>()?;
         let mut head = addrof(env, head)?;
         for index in indices {
-            head = match (head, index) {
-                (ConValue::Array(a), ConValue::Int(i)) => {
-                    let a_len = a.len();
-                    a.get_mut(i as usize)
-                        .ok_or(Error::OobIndex(i as usize, a_len))?
-                }
-                _ => Err(Error::NotIndexable)?,
-            }
+            head = project_index(head, &index)?;
         }
         Ok(head)
     }
 
-    pub fn addrof_path_within_namespace<'e>(
+    /// Performs member-access "projection" from a ConValue to a particular element
+    pub fn project_memberkind<'v>(
+        value: &'v mut ConValue,
+        kind: &MemberKind,
+    ) -> IResult<&'v mut ConValue> {
+        match (value, kind) {
+            (ConValue::Struct(s), MemberKind::Struct(id)) => {
+                s.1.get_mut(id).ok_or(Error::NotDefined(*id))
+            }
+            (ConValue::TupleStruct(s), MemberKind::Tuple(Literal::Int(id))) => {
+                let len = s.1.len();
+                s.1.get_mut(*id as usize)
+                    .ok_or(Error::OobIndex(*id as _, len))
+            }
+            (ConValue::Tuple(t), MemberKind::Tuple(Literal::Int(id))) => {
+                let len = t.len();
+                t.get_mut(*id as usize)
+                    .ok_or(Error::OobIndex(*id as _, len))
+            }
+            _ => Err(Error::TypeError),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Performs index "projection" from a ConValue to a particular element
+    pub fn project_index<'v>(
+        value: &'v mut ConValue,
+        index: &ConValue,
+    ) -> IResult<&'v mut ConValue> {
+        match (value, index) {
+            (ConValue::Array(a), ConValue::Int(i)) => {
+                let a_len = a.len();
+                a.get_mut(*i as usize)
+                    .ok_or(Error::OobIndex(*i as usize, a_len))
+            }
+            _ => Err(Error::NotIndexable),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn project_path_in_namespace<'e>(
         env: &'e mut Namespace,
         path: &[PathPart],
     ) -> IResult<&'e mut Option<ConValue>> {
@@ -516,11 +463,11 @@ mod assignment {
             [PathPart::Ident(name)] => env.get_mut(name).ok_or(Error::NotDefined(*name)),
             [PathPart::Ident(name), rest @ ..] => {
                 match env.get_mut(name).ok_or(Error::NotDefined(*name))? {
-                    Some(ConValue::Module(env)) => addrof_path_within_namespace(env, rest),
+                    Some(ConValue::Module(env)) => project_path_in_namespace(env, rest),
                     _ => Err(Error::NotIndexable),
                 }
             }
-            [PathPart::SelfKw, rest @ ..] => addrof_path_within_namespace(env, rest),
+            [PathPart::SelfKw, rest @ ..] => project_path_in_namespace(env, rest),
             [PathPart::SelfTy, ..] => todo!("calc_address for `Self`"),
             [PathPart::SuperKw, ..] => todo!("calc_address for `super`"),
         }
@@ -732,16 +679,14 @@ impl Interpret for Cast {
 impl Interpret for Member {
     fn interpret(&self, env: &mut Environment) -> IResult<ConValue> {
         let Member { head, kind } = self;
+        if let ExprKind::Path(_) = head.as_ref() {
+            return assignment::addrof_member(env, self).cloned();
+        }
         let head = head.interpret(env)?;
         match (head, kind) {
-            (ConValue::Tuple(v), MemberKind::Tuple(Literal::Int(id))) => v
-                .get(*id as usize)
-                .cloned()
-                .ok_or(Error::OobIndex(*id as usize, v.len())),
-            (ConValue::Struct(parts), MemberKind::Struct(name)) => {
-                parts.1.get(name).cloned().ok_or(Error::NotDefined(*name))
-            }
-            (ConValue::Struct(parts), MemberKind::Call(name, args)) => {
+            (ConValue::Struct(parts), MemberKind::Call(name, args))
+                if parts.1.contains_key(name) =>
+            {
                 let mut values = vec![];
                 for arg in &args.exprs {
                     values.push(arg.interpret(env)?);
@@ -759,7 +704,7 @@ impl Interpret for Member {
                 }
                 env.call(*name, &values)
             }
-            _ => Err(Error::TypeError)?,
+            (mut head, kind) => assignment::project_memberkind(&mut head, kind).cloned(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -909,7 +854,7 @@ impl Interpret for If {
 }
 impl Interpret for For {
     fn interpret(&self, env: &mut Environment) -> IResult<ConValue> {
-        let Self { bind: name, cond, pass, fail } = self;
+        let Self { bind, cond, pass, fail } = self;
         let cond = cond.interpret(env)?;
         // TODO: A better iterator model
         let mut bounds: Box<dyn Iterator<Item = ConValue>> = match &cond {
@@ -921,8 +866,10 @@ impl Interpret for For {
         };
         loop {
             let mut env = env.frame("loop variable");
-            if let Some(loop_var) = bounds.next() {
-                env.insert(*name, Some(loop_var));
+            if let Some(value) = bounds.next() {
+                for (name, value) in pattern::substitution(bind, value)? {
+                    env.insert(*name, Some(value));
+                }
                 match pass.interpret(&mut env) {
                     Err(Error::Break(value)) => return Ok(value),
                     Err(Error::Continue) => continue,

compiler/cl-interpret/src/lib.rs

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ pub mod function;
 
 pub mod builtin;
 
+pub mod pattern;
+
 pub mod env;
 
 pub mod error;

compiler/cl-interpret/src/pattern.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+//! Unification algorithm for cl-ast patterns and ConValues
+//!
+//! [`variables()`] returns a flat list of symbols that are bound by a given pattern
+//! [`substitution()`] unifies a ConValue with a pattern, and produces a list of bound names
+
+use crate::{
+    convalue::ConValue,
+    error::{Error, IResult},
+};
+use cl_ast::{Literal, Pattern, Sym};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, rc::Rc};
+
+/// Gets the path variables in the given Pattern
+pub fn variables(pat: &Pattern) -> Vec<&Sym> {
+    fn patvars<'p>(set: &mut Vec<&'p Sym>, pat: &'p Pattern) {
+        match pat {
+            Pattern::Name(name) if &**name == "_" => {}
+            Pattern::Name(name) => set.push(name),
+            Pattern::Literal(_) => {}
+            Pattern::Ref(_, pattern) => patvars(set, pattern),
+            Pattern::Tuple(patterns) | Pattern::Array(patterns) => {
+                patterns.iter().for_each(|pat| patvars(set, pat))
+            }
+            Pattern::Struct(_path, items) => {
+                items.iter().for_each(|(name, pat)| match pat {
+                    Some(pat) => patvars(set, pat),
+                    None => set.push(name),
+                });
+            }
+            Pattern::TupleStruct(_path, items) => {
+                items.iter().for_each(|pat| patvars(set, pat));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let mut set = Vec::new();
+    patvars(&mut set, pat);
+    set
+}
+
+/// Appends a substitution to the provided table
+pub fn append_sub<'pat>(
+    sub: &mut HashMap<&'pat Sym, ConValue>,
+    pat: &'pat Pattern,
+    value: ConValue,
+) -> IResult<()> {
+    match (pat, value) {
+        (Pattern::Array(patterns), ConValue::Array(values))
+        | (Pattern::Tuple(patterns), ConValue::Tuple(values)) => {
+            if patterns.len() != values.len() {
+                Err(Error::ArgNumber { want: patterns.len(), got: values.len() })?
+            }
+            for (pat, value) in patterns.iter().zip(Vec::from(values).into_iter()) {
+                append_sub(sub, pat, value)?;
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        (Pattern::Tuple(patterns), ConValue::Empty) if patterns.is_empty() => Ok(()),
+
+        (Pattern::Literal(Literal::Bool(a)), ConValue::Bool(b)) => {
+            (*a == b).then_some(()).ok_or(Error::NotAssignable)
+        }
+        (Pattern::Literal(Literal::Char(a)), ConValue::Char(b)) => {
+            (*a == b).then_some(()).ok_or(Error::NotAssignable)
+        }
+        (Pattern::Literal(Literal::Float(a)), ConValue::Float(b)) => (f64::from_bits(*a) == b)
+            .then_some(())
+            .ok_or(Error::NotAssignable),
+        (Pattern::Literal(Literal::Int(a)), ConValue::Int(b)) => {
+            (b == *a as _).then_some(()).ok_or(Error::NotAssignable)
+        }
+        (Pattern::Literal(Literal::String(a)), ConValue::String(b)) => {
+            (*a == *b).then_some(()).ok_or(Error::NotAssignable)
+        }
+        (Pattern::Literal(_), _) => Err(Error::NotAssignable),
+
+        (Pattern::Name(name), _) if "_".eq(&**name) => Ok(()),
+        (Pattern::Name(name), value) => {
+            sub.insert(name, value);
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        (Pattern::Ref(_, pat), ConValue::Ref(r)) => append_sub(sub, pat, Rc::unwrap_or_clone(r)),
+
+        (Pattern::Struct(path, patterns), ConValue::Struct(parts)) => {
+            let (name, mut values) = *parts;
+            if !path.ends_with(&name) {
+                Err(Error::TypeError)?
+            }
+            if patterns.len() != values.len() {
+                return Err(Error::ArgNumber { want: patterns.len(), got: values.len() });
+            }
+            for (name, pat) in patterns {
+                let value = values.remove(name).ok_or(Error::TypeError)?;
+                match pat {
+                    Some(pat) => append_sub(sub, pat, value)?,
+                    None => {
+                        sub.insert(name, value);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        (Pattern::TupleStruct(path, patterns), ConValue::TupleStruct(parts)) => {
+            let (name, values) = *parts;
+            if !path.ends_with(&name) {
+                Err(Error::TypeError)?
+            }
+            if patterns.len() != values.len() {
+                Err(Error::ArgNumber { want: patterns.len(), got: values.len() })?
+            }
+            for (pat, value) in patterns.iter().zip(Vec::from(values).into_iter()) {
+                append_sub(sub, pat, value)?;
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        (pat, value) => {
+            eprintln!("Could not match pattern `{pat}` with value `{value}`!");
+            Err(Error::NotAssignable)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Constructs a substitution from a pattern and a value
+pub fn substitution(pat: &Pattern, value: ConValue) -> IResult<HashMap<&Sym, ConValue>> {
+    let mut sub = HashMap::new();
+    append_sub(&mut sub, pat, value)?;
+    Ok(sub)
+}

compiler/cl-parser/src/error.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use super::*;
 
+use cl_ast::ExprKind;
 use cl_lexer::error::{Error as LexError, Reason};
 use std::fmt::Display;
 pub type PResult<T> = Result<T, Error>;
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ pub enum ErrorKind {
     ExpectedParsing {
         want: Parsing,
     },
+    InvalidPattern(Box<ExprKind>),
     /// Indicates unfinished code
     Todo(&'static str),
 }
@@ -148,6 +150,7 @@ impl Display for ErrorKind {
             ErrorKind::Unexpected(t) => write!(f, "Encountered unexpected token `{t}`"),
             ErrorKind::ExpectedToken { want: e, got: g } => write!(f, "Expected `{e}`, got `{g}`"),
             ErrorKind::ExpectedParsing { want } => write!(f, "Expected {want}"),
+            ErrorKind::InvalidPattern(got) => write!(f, "Got invalid `{got}`"),
             ErrorKind::Todo(unfinished) => write!(f, "TODO: {unfinished}"),
         }
     }

compiler/cl-parser/src/parser.rs

@@ -459,12 +459,11 @@ impl Parse<'_> for Function {
             sign,
             bind,
             body: match p.peek_kind(P)? {
-                TokenKind::LCurly => Some(Block::parse(p)?),
                 TokenKind::Semi => {
                     p.consume_peeked();
                     None
                 }
-                t => Err(p.error(Unexpected(t), P))?,
+                _ => Some(Expr::parse(p)?),
             },
         })
     }
@@ -495,7 +494,7 @@ impl Parse<'_> for TypedParam {
     /// Parses a single function [parameter](Param)
     fn parse(p: &mut Parser) -> PResult<(Param, TyKind)> {
         Ok((
-            Param { mutability: Mutability::parse(p)?, name: Sym::parse(p)? },
+            Param { mutability: Mutability::parse(p)?, bind: Pattern::parse(p)? },
             {
                 p.match_type(TokenKind::Colon, Parsing::Param)?;
                 TyKind::parse(p)?
@@ -1007,13 +1006,20 @@ impl Parse<'_> for Block {
     }
 }
 
+/// Conditions (which precede curly-braced blocks) get special treatment
+fn condition(p: &mut Parser) -> PResult<Expr> {
+    let start = p.loc();
+    let kind = prec::exprkind(p, prec::Precedence::Condition.level())?;
+    Ok(Expr { kind, extents: Span(start, p.loc()) })
+}
+
 impl Parse<'_> for While {
     /// [While] = `while` [Expr] [Block] [Else]?
     #[rustfmt::skip]
     fn parse(p: &mut Parser) -> PResult<While> {
         p.match_type(TokenKind::While, Parsing::While)?;
         Ok(While {
-            cond: Expr::parse(p)?.into(),
+            cond: condition(p)?.into(),
             pass: Block::parse(p)?.into(),
             fail: Else::parse(p)?
         })
@@ -1026,7 +1032,7 @@ impl Parse<'_> for If {
     fn parse(p: &mut Parser) -> PResult<If> {
         p.match_type(TokenKind::If, Parsing::If)?;
         Ok(If {
-            cond: Expr::parse(p)?.into(),
+            cond: condition(p)?.into(),
             pass: Block::parse(p)?.into(),
             fail: Else::parse(p)?,
         })
@@ -1034,15 +1040,15 @@ impl Parse<'_> for If {
 }
 
 impl Parse<'_> for For {
-    /// [For]: `for` Pattern (TODO) `in` [Expr] [Block] [Else]?
+    /// [For]: `for` [Pattern] `in` [Expr] [Block] [Else]?
     #[rustfmt::skip]
     fn parse(p: &mut Parser) -> PResult<For> {
         p.match_type(TokenKind::For, Parsing::For)?;
-        let bind = Sym::parse(p)?;
+        let bind = Pattern::parse(p)?;
         p.match_type(TokenKind::In, Parsing::For)?;
         Ok(For {
             bind,
-            cond: Expr::parse(p)?.into(),
+            cond: condition(p)?.into(),
             pass: Block::parse(p)?.into(),
             fail: Else::parse(p)?,
         })
@@ -1081,9 +1087,8 @@ impl Parse<'_> for Return {
 
 impl Parse<'_> for Pattern {
     fn parse(p: &mut Parser<'_>) -> PResult<Self> {
-        let value = prec::exprkind(p, prec::Precedence::Highest.level())?;
-        Pattern::try_from(value)
-            .map_err(|_| p.error(ExpectedParsing { want: Parsing::Pattern }, Parsing::Pattern))
+        let value = prec::exprkind(p, prec::Precedence::Pattern.level())?;
+        Pattern::try_from(value).map_err(|e| p.error(InvalidPattern(e.into()), Parsing::Pattern))
     }
 }
 

compiler/cl-parser/src/parser/prec.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ pub fn exprkind(p: &mut Parser, power: u8) -> PResult<ExprKind> {
         Some(match op {
             TokenKind::LBrack => Precedence::Index,
             TokenKind::LParen => Precedence::Call,
+            TokenKind::LCurly => Precedence::Structor,
             TokenKind::Dot => Precedence::Member,
+            TokenKind::As => Precedence::Cast,
             _ => None?,
         })
     }
@@ -55,25 +57,36 @@ pub fn exprkind(p: &mut Parser, power: u8) -> PResult<ExprKind> {
             if before < power {
                 break;
             }
-            p.consume_peeked();
 
             head = match op {
                 TokenKind::LBrack => {
+                    p.consume_peeked();
                     let indices =
                         sep(Expr::parse, TokenKind::Comma, TokenKind::RBrack, parsing)(p)?;
                     p.match_type(TokenKind::RBrack, parsing)?;
                     ExprKind::Index(Index { head: head.into(), indices })
                 }
                 TokenKind::LParen => {
+                    p.consume_peeked();
                     let exprs = sep(Expr::parse, TokenKind::Comma, TokenKind::RParen, parsing)(p)?;
                     p.match_type(TokenKind::RParen, parsing)?;
                     Binary { kind: BinaryKind::Call, parts: (head, Tuple { exprs }.into()).into() }
                         .into()
                 }
+                TokenKind::LCurly => match head {
+                    ExprKind::Path(path) => ExprKind::Structor(structor_body(p, path)?),
+                    _ => break,
+                },
                 TokenKind::Dot => {
+                    p.consume_peeked();
                     let kind = MemberKind::parse(p)?;
                     Member { head: Box::new(head), kind }.into()
                 }
+                TokenKind::As => {
+                    p.consume_peeked();
+                    let ty = Ty::parse(p)?;
+                    Cast { head: head.into(), ty }.into()
+                }
                 _ => Err(p.error(Unexpected(op), parsing))?,
             };
             continue;
@@ -217,11 +230,7 @@ fn exprkind_group(p: &mut Parser) -> PResult<ExprKind> {
 
 /// Parses an expression beginning with a [Path] (i.e. [Path] or [Structor])
 fn exprkind_pathlike(p: &mut Parser) -> PResult<ExprKind> {
-    let head = Path::parse(p)?;
-    Ok(match p.match_type(TokenKind::Colon, Parsing::Path) {
-        Ok(_) => ExprKind::Structor(structor_body(p, head)?),
-        Err(_) => ExprKind::Path(head),
-    })
+    Path::parse(p).map(Into::into)
 }
 
 /// [Structor]Body = `{` ([Fielder] `,`)* [Fielder]? `}`
@@ -244,6 +253,9 @@ fn structor_body(p: &mut Parser, to: Path) -> PResult<Structor> {
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub enum Precedence {
     Assign,
+    Pattern,   // A pattern can contain a structor
+    Structor,  // A structor is never a valid conditional
+    Condition, // Anything that syntactically needs a block following it
     Logic,
     Compare,
     Range,
@@ -256,7 +268,6 @@ pub enum Precedence {
     Cast,
     Member, // left-associative
     Call,
-    Highest,
 }
 
 impl Precedence {
@@ -284,7 +295,9 @@ impl Precedence {
 
     pub fn postfix(self) -> Option<(u8, ())> {
         match self {
-            Self::Index | Self::Call | Self::Member => Some((self.level(), ())),
+            Self::Structor | Self::Index | Self::Call | Self::Member | Self::Cast => {
+                Some((self.level(), ()))
+            }
             _ => None,
         }
     }

compiler/cl-repl/examples/yaml.rs

@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ pub mod yamlify {
     impl Yamlify for Pattern {
         fn yaml(&self, y: &mut Yamler) {
             match self {
-                Pattern::Path(path) => y.value(path),
+                Pattern::Name(name) => y.value(name),
                 Pattern::Literal(literal) => y.value(literal),
                 Pattern::Ref(mutability, pattern) => {
                     y.pair("mutability", mutability).pair("subpattern", pattern)
@@ -438,13 +438,20 @@ pub mod yamlify {
                 Pattern::Struct(path, items) => {
                     {
                         let mut y = y.key("Struct");
-                        y.pair("name", path);
+                        y.yaml(path);
                         for (name, item) in items {
                             y.pair(name, item);
                         }
                     }
                     y
                 }
+                Pattern::TupleStruct(path, items) => {
+                    {
+                        let mut y = y.key("TupleStruct");
+                        y.yaml(path).list(items);
+                    }
+                    y
+                }
             };
         }
     }
@@ -636,8 +643,8 @@ pub mod yamlify {
     }
     impl Yamlify for Param {
         fn yaml(&self, y: &mut Yamler) {
-            let Self { mutability, name } = self;
-            y.key("Param").yaml(mutability).pair("name", name);
+            let Self { mutability, bind } = self;
+            y.key("Param").yaml(mutability).pair("pat", bind);
         }
     }
     impl Yamlify for Ty {

compiler/cl-typeck/src/stage/populate.rs

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ impl<'a> Visit<'a> for Populator<'_, 'a> {
         self.visit_ty_fn(sign);
         bind.iter().for_each(|p| self.visit_param(p));
         if let Some(b) = body {
-            self.visit_block(b)
+            self.visit_expr(b)
         }
     }
 

grammar.ebnf

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Static      = "static" Mutability Identifier ':' Ty '=' Expr ';' ;
 Module      = "mod" Identifier ModuleKind ;
 ModuleKind  = '{' Item* '}' | ';' ;
 
-Function    = "fn" Identifier '(' (Param ',')* Param? ')' ('->' Ty)? Block? ;
+Function    = "fn" Identifier '(' (Param ',')* Param? ')' ('->' Ty)? (Expr | ';') ;
 Param       = Mutability Identifier ':' Ty ;
 
 Struct      = "struct" Identifier (StructTuple | StructBody)?;
@@ -127,6 +127,17 @@ Block       = '{' Stmt* '}';
 Group       = Empty | '(' (Expr | Tuple) ')' ;
 Tuple       = (Expr ',')* Expr? ;
 
+
+Match       = "match" { (MatchArm ',')* MatchArm? } ;
+MatchArm    = Pattern '=>' Expr ;
+Pattern     = Path
+            | Literal
+            | '&' "mut"? Pattern
+            | '(' (Pattern ',')* (Pattern | '..' )? ')'
+            | '[' (Pattern ',')* (Pattern | '..' Identifier?)? ']'
+            | StructPattern
+            ;
+
 Loop        = "loop"  Block ;
 While       = "while" Expr Block Else ;
 If          = "if"    Expr Block Else ;

repline/src/editor.rs

@@ -112,6 +112,17 @@ impl<'a> Editor<'a> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    pub fn print_err<W: Write>(&self, w: &mut W, err: impl Display) -> ReplResult<()> {
+        queue!(
+            w,
+            SavePosition,
+            Clear(ClearType::UntilNewLine),
+            Print(err),
+            RestorePosition
+        )?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     /// Prints the characters after the cursor on the current line.
     pub fn print_tail<W: Write>(&self, w: &mut W) -> ReplResult<()> {
         let Self { tail, .. } = self;

repline/src/prebaked.rs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ where F: FnMut(&str) -> Result<Response, Box<dyn Error>> {
             Ok(Response::Deny) => rl.deny(),
             Ok(Response::Break) => break,
             Ok(Response::Continue) => continue,
-            Err(e) => print!("\x1b[40G\x1b[A\x1bJ\x1b[91m{e}\x1b[0m\x1b[B"),
+            Err(e) => rl.print_inline(format_args!("\x1b[40G\x1b[91m{e}\x1b[0m"))?,
         }
     }
     Ok(())

repline/src/repline.rs

@@ -111,6 +111,15 @@ impl<'a, R: Read> Repline<'a, R> {
             }
         }
     }
+    /// Prints a message without moving the cursor
+    pub fn print_inline(&mut self, value: impl std::fmt::Display) -> ReplResult<()> {
+        let mut stdout = stdout().lock();
+        self.print_err(&mut stdout, value)
+    }
+    /// Prints a message (ideally an error) without moving the cursor
+    fn print_err<W: Write>(&mut self, w: &mut W, value: impl std::fmt::Display) -> ReplResult<()> {
+        self.ed.print_err(w, value)
+    }
     /// Handle ANSI Escape
     fn escape<W: Write>(&mut self, w: &mut W) -> ReplResult<()> {
         match self.input.next().ok_or(Error::EndOfInput)?? {